This surname is discontinued by Khatris as it carries a lower caste connotation. Caste discrimination in the Sikh community is based majorly on land ownership rather than the general perceptions of caste discrimination. Pal is a surname of the Thakuri people of Nepal. Chandigarh: The elevation of Charanjit Singh Channi, a Dalit Sikh, as Punjabs new chief minister has highlighted the complex caste equations in the state. Most of the Dham families moved to India during India Pakistan Partition in 1947. Anand Khatris are likely descendants of a person named Anand. The community played an important role in the development of the martial Khalsa panth of Sikhism. Arora was a regional title used by Khatris living in this region. The search for alternative cultural space forced Dalit Sikhs to form or associate with Deras and different religious denominations. Traditionally, low-caste Hindus worked as sanitary workers in the cities that became part of Pakistan but, in 1947, most of them went to India. [7], The saint Gwalipa told Suraj Sen, the ruler of Gwalior, to adopt the surname Pal, which remains prevalent up to eighty-three descendants of Suraj Sen.[8], The Ahirs in Central India use Pal as a surname. It was used by clan leaders. SIKH SURNAMES AND THE CASTES TO WHICH THEY BELONG. "According to Manjusree Mulakalpa, Gopala I was a sudra and according to Abul Fazl, the Palas were Kayasthas." Dhobis are an occupational caste grouping, and usually operate from door to door collecting dirty linen from households. Dr Ronki Ram, another expert on Punjabs Dalits, who teaches at Panjab University, Chandigarh, concurred. [1] It is also occasionally found in other countries. They were agriculturists and were not allowed to trade. So there is every probability that a number of brahmana families were mixed up with members of other varnas in forming the present Kayastha and Vaidya communities of Bengal. Several studies have suggested that Jat Sikhs and other upper castes often refuse to associate with them during religious ceremonies. If you were to go only by the Gurbani (the words and writings of the ten Gurus of the Sikhs) there cannot be a caste system in Sikhism. However, caste-based discrimination is still observed by the majority of Sikhs across the world. But the Jatt Sikhs dominate Punjab mainly because they own land, and in the states agrarian society, ownership of land has become an overarching criteria of social domination., Also read:Behind-the-scene drama: How Sidhu scotched Jakhars & Randhawas chance before agreeing on Channi. Caste discourse around Charanjit Channi's elevation has surprised many, especially as Sikhism espouses equality. You can see how Rayat families moved over time by selecting different census years. Sunak is in the hottest and one of the most coveted political seats in the country. If any one born in lower class he will remain in lower class, no matter he becomes a prime minister of any country. State Id State Name Castecode Caste Subcaste 8 PUNJAB 8001 AD-DHARMI ATAR 8 PUNJAB 8002 AD-DHARMI BAINS 8 PUNJAB 8003 AD-DHARMI BANGA 8 PUNJAB 8004 AD-DHARMI CHAMAR 8 PUNJAB 8005 AD-DHARMI CHOKHRIA 8 PUNJAB 8006 AD-DHARMI JASSAL . . Their gotra is Bharadwaj and purohit are Saraswat Brahmins. It irked the Dalit community that resulted in riots that continued for days. Q3 Which is Lowest Caste in Punjab? Bahl according to many scholars refers to the Vedic clan "Bahlika" which controlled Punjab and Kashmir. Veer ji, tuhadi jankari kafi changi hai te tusi kafi mehnat v kiti hai.. koi gall madi nahi laggi Add Sahajpal/Sejpal last name to Jatts, From Chak Kalan in Punjab, Families living in Canada,America,Uk now, Prevention and Management of Issues with Tomato Plants in Your Garden, Growing tomatoes in your garden can be a rewarding experience, but its important to be aware of the potential issues that can arise. The scholars also listed several occupational groups among the Sikh SCs. If Sikhs go by the rules set by the Gurus, they should not use castes as surnames but use Singh or Kaur as per the gender. It took two months for the Amarinder Singh government to step in. According to British Gazzeteer, Duas had a special ability to heal pains by touching it. Abhepal, Ahdi / Aedi, Ajimal, Arhi / Ari, Assi, Attar, Assal, Atli, Bagga, Bahra, Bansal, Basrai, Bassan, Bhangra, Bhachu, Babra / Bhamra / Bamrah / Bimrao / Bumra, Bhadale, Bhadeshwar, Bharaj, Bhardwaj, Bharmi, Bhatti, Bhari, Bharya, Bhambar, Bhede, Bhele, Bhela, Bhoday ,Bhogal, Bhinder, Bhui / Bhuhee, Bhullar, Bhurji, Birdi, Bilkhu, Biyan, Burmi, Butar, Chahal, Chadha, Chaggar, Chana / Chanay, Chani / Channi, Chania, Chilotra, Chude, Dadiala, Dahela / Dahele, Daffu, Dahion, Dalmotra, Deogan, Dev, Deve, Deosi, Devgan, Dhadial, Dhami, Dhamu, Dhanjal, Dhaunsi, Dhilon, Dhiman, Dhiraj Diurha/Deorey, Dhuparh, Gabbi, Gabhria, Gahle, Gahir, Gaidu, Galsinh, Gansi, Ghatoura, Ghareyal, Ghuldu, Ghundu, Gill, Godan, Gundeo, Jabbal, Jagdeo / Jagdev, Jamwal, Jaswal, Jaskalyan, Jandu, Jhass, Jheeta/Jheete, Jheont, Jutla, Kaler, Kalah, Kalgotra, Kalsi, Kalyan, Kansal, Kelley, Kensray, Kesar, Khambay, Kharay, Khamba, Khokhar, Koushal, Khurl, Kondal, Kundan, Kundi, Kundra, Ladoiya, Ladroiye, Lakhanpal, Lall, Layal, Leel, Lotay, Ladu, Maan, Mahal, Manku, Manpotra, Manour, Manoor, Marbey, Marua, Marwaha, Matharu, Meen, Mehne, Mewh, Misson, Mudhar, Munday, Mutar, Muttay, Nagi, Nandhra, Nanre, Nardoiye, Nota / Notay, Padam, Pandha, Paik, Pannu, Pawar, Plaha, Panesar, Phull, Punni, Ragbotra, Ragho, Rajarh, Rajpal, Ranota, Rattey, Rattan, Rattan Bhardwaj, Rayat / Riat, Rehsi, Reehal, Rehan, Renu, Rooprai / Roopra, Rumana, Rupal, Ralhan, Rakla, Sabarwal, Sadal, Saggu / Sagoo, Saharan, Sahib/Saib/Saab, Salh/Sall, Sapal, Sarna, Sammi, Sains, Sagotra, Sahota, Salaria, Shingari, Sond / Sondh, Seehra/ Sira, Sehmi / Sembhi, Sohal, Sohanpal, Sokhi, Sur / Soor, Surajbansi, Sian / Syan, Sulhan, Sandhu, Sidhu, Sui, Surdhar, Surjan, Vassan, Vahrey, Variah, Vilkhu / Bilkhu, Virdi / Birdi, Virk. According to the experts, caste patterns that existed in the Hindu religion were transferred to Sikhism. The name is probably given to the clan on basis of their personality which was serious or "gambhir" in Punjabi. On questioning the clients mother, I found out that the Mazhabi Sikhs built the Gurudwara long before as they were not respected if they visited the main Gurudwara in the village. Many of them moved to Shikarpur Sindh from Punjab. Rayat College of Education, the best education college in Punjab, established in 2003 with the aim of to mold the teachers who are empathetic, imaginative towards the teaching career and are guided by the principle of ethical and social responsibility towards the students. Vishal Sikka, served as Executive Vice Chairman, CEO, and MD of Infosys. Punjabi surname.It was originally used as a middle name but some punjabi Khatris adopted it as a surname. entered with his caste intact, Puri said. Though, it can be predicted it was a title given to Khatris on basis of their qualities. The name is probably a corruption of Govindi or "follower of Guru Govind Singh". They are found in Potohar plateau. Social Security Death Index (SSDI) for Rayat, Browse profiles of historical people with the Rayat last name, This page needs Javascript enabled in order to work properly. Birth, Marriage & Death, including Parish, Operated by Ancestry Ireland Unlimited Company. The Rayat family name was found in the USA between 1880 and 1920. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. So much so that the government of India also recognize the Dalit community in Sikhs, and they are eligible for the benefits of reservation under different schemes. One of the most effective ways to protect your garden from pests is to use natural predators. Occupation can tell you about your ancestor's social and economic status. Reports suggest Dalits own only 0.72% of the cultivated land in Punjab, and the inequality forces them to work either as labourers in the fields owned by Jat Sikhs or choose other professions. Denzil Ibbetson, Punjab's deputy superintendent in the 1881 census, who later also worked as the province's Lieutenant-Governor, has written in detail about these converts. In 2001, the Punjab Government included Ramgarhia, Tarkhan and Dhiman in the list of Other Backward Classes (OBC) to improve their economic conditions. MN Madan, led a research team that performed the first successful IV fertilisation of a buffalo leading to the birth of a calf. Behind-the-scene drama: How Sidhu scotched Jakhars & Randhawas chance before agreeing on Channi, Congress got the messaging right in Punjab but the Gandhis and Sidhu cant celebrate yet, Eye on Lingayat vote, BJP likely to make Yediyurappa Karnataka campaign chief, In Raisina Dialogue, Meloni says Italy deeply European, shares peninsular culture with India. Use census records and voter lists to see where families with the Rayat surname lived. Although, theoretically there is no caste based discrimination in Islam but the reality is far from the truth. Panna Dhai Maa Subharti Nursing College for organizing "International Conference from 28 - 30 January 2021". After a `day or two, they return the linen washed, sometimes starched and ironed. In his EPW piece, Ronki Ram also wrote that among the Mazhabis, there are the Rangretas who consider themselves superior. dalit sikh, who is a dalit sikh, dalit christian, charanjit singh channi dalit sikh, West Bengal Congress spokesperson Kaustav Bagchi arrested for remarks against CM Mamata Banerjee, Virat Kohli and Anushka Sharma visit Mahakaleshwar Temple in Ujjain and perform Bhasma Aarti, pictures of the visit go viral, Nalayak Nakkata,: Bageshwar Dham Mahant Dhirendra Shastri schools a journalist working for Barkha Dutts The Mojo Story, video goes viral, Christian missionaries in Delhi book fair provide anti-Hindu material, Bible for free, persuade Hindus to convert religion, United Hindu Front protests, Hindi-speaking migrants returning from Tamil Nadu narrate horrific stories of atrocities while the TN govt calls them fake, BJP MLAs protest in Bihar assembly, Fingers chopped, being hanged: Bihari migrant workers share their ordeal, TN DGP calls reports of attacks fake, SEBI bans 45 individuals, companies from stock market owing to a YouTube scam, list includes actor Arshad Warsi and wife Maria: Full details, Muslim students in Jamia Millia Islamia intimidate, threaten other students against celebrating Holi on the campus, raise Naara-e-Takbeer and Allah-hu-Akbar slogans, Indore: Javed and his friend breach security to enter the Indian cricket dressing room, arrested, Advocates on record of Supreme Court express shock after the registry prepares to launch new e-filling software without consulting them, UAE not to renew visas of Pakistanis depriving their children of education, Banaras Hindu Universitywithdraws ban on Holi celebrations outrage, students had defied the ban with Kapda Faad Holi, Influenza A Subtype H3N2 behind the recent rise of respiratory illnesses: ICMR. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. Missouri had the highest population of Rayat families in 1880. Gardening can be a rewarding experience, but it can also be a challenge. There are 28 census records available for the last name Rayat. Dalit Sikhs are further divided into two communities with first-named Mazhabis and Rangretas. http://www.ncbc.nic.in/Writereaddata/JAT%202014635568274253868064.pdf, Read : List of Scheduled Caste and Backward Classes in Haryana PDF, Sehwag bhi koni bhai is me.. or chhikara bhi rana, Faujdar, kuntal, tomar, chahar, Solanki, punia, ye bhai jaat h bhai aur bhi bahut sare surname missing h, But why such resolutions happened across the state of Punjab? Hint: Try searching for a relative alive in 1940. [1], The Hindu members of this clan are generally identified as Khatis, Suthars or Lohars following the Vishwakarma community of India. The most Rayat families were found in USA in 1920. According to the Shekhawat,the Gehlot had levelled false accusations against him concerning the Sanjivani Credit Cooperative Society scam. News and opinion website that brings you reports and narrative from a perspective often ignored or suppressed by the mainstream media of India. Chugh clan is mentioned in Russian 1600s records as Indian traders. [6], The Pardhi, a hunter community of Maharashtra, is also known as Pal. Jangid Brahmin Dhiman Gotra, Shashan, Punjab, Rajasthan, Rishi Gotra, Jather ). It is corruption of the word Kshatra (meaning warrior). ThePrint with exceptional reporters, columnists and editors is doing just that. The reason was stated as the nationwide lockdown that stopped the labourers from the states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar to come to Punjab for work. Q2 Which Caste is General Category in Punjab? Ambedkar Chair, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar wrote that the settlements in rural Punjab are divided into upper and lower castes. The scuffle resulted in fights followed by an economic blockade of the Dalit community in Talhan. Whether youre growing heirloom varieties or hybrids, tomatoes offer something for everyone. These are believed to be lineal descendants of Rishi Hiranyabha Kaushal. New chief minister Channi, too, is a Ramdasia Sikh. Although Sikh doctrine does not assign any place to the institution of caste it must not be inferred as argued that Sikhism was able to transfer the caste structure into an egalitarian moral community of Sikhs. Who are Dalit Sikhs? In name of saving democracy, they get money from various sources. The Rai Sikhs are the cane workers and have their origins in Rajasthan. The dynasty is so called because the names of all kings had the termination - Pala. Those from the Dalit castes who had become Sikhs were not allowed in gurdwaras until 1920, when on the eve of the gurdwara reform movement, this practice was shed, he said. As a result, Dalit Sikhs were forced to establish separate Gurudwaras. [11][12], Pal is a surname of the Thakuri people of Nepal. Almost all the divisions there are among Hindu Scheduled Castes exist in Sikhs as well, Puri said. According to a report, if they had not helped the Dalit Sikh community, it would have been impossible for the community to survive. They were primarily Hindus prior to their conversion to Sikhism. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. Sustaining this needs support from wonderful readers like you. [14], In Bengal, during the reign of the Gupta Empire beginning in the 4th century AD, when systematic and large-scale colonization by Aryan Kayasthas and Brahmins first took place, Kayasthas were brought over by the Guptas to help manage the affairs of state. It was seen as a major turn of events as it is rare for the upper caste Sikhs to come forward to support Mazhabi Sikhs. Fortunately, there are a variety of methods you can use to protect your garden from these pesky critters. It is traditionally believed that 'Pal' originated from the Sanskrit pala meaning protector or keeper. Pests such as voles, chipmunks, gophers, squirrels, mice, and birds can wreak havoc on your garden if left unchecked. Performance & security by Cloudflare. Bector () is a corruption of Bakhtra or Balkh situated in Afghanistan. Babbar translates to tiger. Copyright 2022 Printline Media Pvt. Rana are originally Rajput. Dang + ra = Dhingra (meaning: Hill dweller). Jaat Caste List : The Jat people are a community of traditionally non-elite peasants and herders in Northern India and Pakistan.Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in late medieval times, and subsequently into the Delhi Territory, northeastern Rajputana, and the western Gangetic Plain in the 17th and 18th centuries. Theory 1: Panini mentioned Vatraka clan found in Punjab. They originate in the village of Gah in Rawalpindi. They belong to mercantile and business class communities. I believe the discrimination of Dalit Sikhs in Punjab is one of the prominent reasons why these communities are again converting to a different religion. Before CM Channi, only Giani Zail Singh was CM of Punjab from the non-Jat community. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Jaat Caste List in Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Rajasthan and All Other States ( ), Jaat Caste List in Haryana, UP, Rajasthan and Other States, List of Scheduled Caste and Backward Classes in Haryana PDF, India Post GDS (Gramin Dak Sevak) Result 2023 & Final Merit List of 38,926 Vacancies, PM Kisan Beneficiary List 2023 Village Wise, nfsc.up.gov.in UP Ration Card List 2023 (New APL / BPL ) | Check Uttar Pradesh NFSA Beneficiaries List PDF, All State CM and Governor List 2023 Pdf State Wise [Updated], Geo Tag House List 2023 of PMAY Housing For All Urban Mission, Group 3 Jobs List in Telangana | TSPSC Group 3 Jobs Eligibility Criteria and Salary Details 2023, Group 2 Jobs List in Telangana : Qualification, Salary, Job Profile, Group 4 jobs List in Telangana: Eligibility, Salary and Job Profile, MedhaSoFt Student List 2023 of e Kalyan Mukhyamantri Balika/Balak Protsahan Yojana, All India Government Helpline Numbers and Emergency Contact Numbers List, Gujarat Gram Panchayat List PDF 2023 District Wise, West Bengal Liquor Price List 2023 | WB Approved Rate list (Wine / Whisky / Beer/ Vodka / Rum). Their Kuldev is Sheshnag and Kuldevi (family deity) is Mata Sajavati, Adlakha translates to "half lakh". Starting your family tree is quick, easy, and free. The Kamauly Copper Plate inscription suggests that Palas call themselves Kshatriyas belonging to Solar dynasty. Dalits demanded their representation in the management of the shrine that was refused by the Jat Sikhs. There are separate cremation grounds for Dalit Sikhs. Also read:Congress got the messaging right in Punjab but the Gandhis and Sidhu cant celebrate yet, Subscribe to our channels on YouTube & Telegram. : 22 In Punjab and other states, Pal is often used as a middle name followed by Singh. Click to reveal 27.05.2002. Ans: Jaat & Sikh are the highest castes in Punjab. To ensure your tomatoes stay healthy and productive, its important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of these issues and take steps to prevent them from occurring. These communities initially converted to Sikhism to get rid of their caste. Chhabar translates to mountain. Praveen Sobti (gold medals in discus throw at the 1966 &1970 Asian Games), Ronjan Sodhi (2 silver at 2010 Asian games and 1 gold in 2010 CWG as trap shooter), Air Chief Marshal Nirmal Chandra Suri, Indian air force chief, Lahore, Sialkot, Amritsar, Ludhiana, Montgomery. In 1880 there was 1 Rayat family living in Missouri. Experts on caste in Sikhism told ThePrint that though the religion envisages an egalitarian society, it never fully achieved it. Complete Jaat caste list is given below. Ans: Brahman, Jaat, Kshatriya, Rajput & Saini + more Caste is in General Category in Punjab State. Also Jhelum and Rawalpindi, Bhakkar, Mianwali, Multan, Gujrat district, General Ved Prakash Malik, Indian army chief during Kargil War, LK Advani, co-founder of BJP (Note: Advani is a subsection of Sindhi Mago Khatri), JC and KC Mahindra, founders of Mahindra & Mahindra, Raja Sukh Jiwan Mal, The ruler of Kashmir, General Om Prakash Malhotra, Army chief; Siddharth Malhotra, Anushka Manchandna(won Khatron Ke Khiladi 2), General JJ Singh Marwah, Indian Army chief, Air Force Chiefs: Air Chief Marshal Om Prakash Mehra, Air Chief Marshal Surinder Kumar Mehra, All over Punjab & NWFP (it was a title given to clan leaders and big landowners). New Punjab CM Channi's caste is just one among a complex hierarchy. The Kayasthas obtained aspect of a caste perhaps under the Senas. translates to first, chief, greatest, highest etc. However, when very low caste sikhs migrated to countries such as the US, Canada and the UK, they thought of it as a chance to start a clean slate where people would not be able to identify their caste. Chava refers to an elephant. Sanskrit sources such as Rajtarangini however do not yet regard Kayastha as a caste in any sense but as a category of "officials" or "scribes". Many Sikh Tarkhan's have been practicing the religion since the time of the founding leader, Guru Nanak, as one of his first followers, Bhai Lalo was from the a carpenter from the Tarkhan clan. The former is Jat while the latter is Punjabi Arora, mostly from Pakistani Punjab.List of Arora surnames The Hiranyabha Kaushal is believed to be a human son of the god Brahma, who created life on earth. [18], Several kings of the Pala dynasty were Buddhists. The SSDI is a searchable database of more than 70 million names. Aharya Aharya comes from Sanskrit and means "firm," "unmovable," and "unflinching." It also refers to a mountain. Sarin not be confused with Sareen (Khatriya Caste) from Sialkot, (Pakistan). It is primarily found in Asia, where 88 percent of Rayat reside; 84 percent reside in South Asia and 50 percent reside in Indo-South Asia. The family has no illustrious ancestry. [2] Mar 24, 2008 #12 Kataria is missing . The majority of agricultural land in Punjab belongs to Jat Sikhs. Source: The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland, 2016. They were originally Maggo Khatris of Multan who migrated to Sindh in 1701. Achieved status can not change an individual place in caste system. During Britain's reign in India, they actively recruited those from the Tarkhan community to work in construction and enabled many to travel to countries within the British Empire, mainly former British colonies such as Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania where there still remains a population of Tarkhan's today as well as those from the Gujrati community. To add more pain to the whole unsaid but visible division, the Gurudwaras for upper caste Sikhs are often deemed not accessible for the Dalit Sikhs. It was a title given for the permission to do a ritual procession on a horse with flag. The most likely meaning is a warrior or a soldier. Dhaneta Tehsil of Eastern Punjab(now lying in the borders of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab), some emmigrated to West Bengal. BDS , is approved by Council of India (DCI). Using Natural Predators [citation needed], The rulers of Kullu held the surname Pal up to about the 15th century A.D., which they later changed to Singh. There are 13 immigration records available for the last name Rayat. Admiral Sureesh Mehta, Indian Navy chief , Vipul Mehta (won Indian Idol 6) Mehtas in Punjab are 99% Brahmins title . 3,800 for sowing paddy. Ahuja Indian Forest Service (IFS) officer Susanta Nanda has shared a video showing a King Cobra raising its body and spreading its hood, leaving netizens stunned by its massive height. There are many different types of tomatoes, Co-Existing with Nature: Protect Your Garden from Pests Easily, Protecting Your Garden from Pests While the term is technically correct, a majority of Indians who have a little bit of knowledge of Sikhism got confused as Sikh as a religion rejects the concept of caste and race. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. Pal, alternative form "Paul", is a common surname found in India and Bangladesh. 2. The Tarkhan is a large Clan commonly found in the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan. But this did not translate into practice, said noted scholar and subject expert Dr Harish Puri. But their common ancestor was born under a Beri tree which is why they adapted this surname. Virtual International Conference on "Amelioration In Nursing Education, Research and Clinical Practice-Focusing On E-Health In Digital Native Era", not only bring all the researchers, students at one platform but also inculcates the research culture among the entire fraternity . 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Choosing the Right Variety Shiv Dayal Singh Seth, founder of the Radhasoami religious movement. Ronki Ram said Ravidasias cannot be clubbed as Dalit Sikhs as they are a separate Dalit caste. The states of origin and population include Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttarakhand. Nutrient Deficiencies However, the pain of being mocked and ridiculed by the so-called upper caste in the Sikh community is now forcing the Dalit Sikhs to convert to Christianity as it promises to shed away the castes. [1] The Hindu members of this clan are generally identified as Khatis, Suthars or Lohars following the Vishwakarma community of India. Mazhabis and Rangretas have a glorious history as soldiers, but unfortunately, they never found a place equal to the upper castes in Sikhs. Their ancestors moved from Punjab to Allahbad during Mughal period and when they returned back to Punjab they were known as Allawadi. The reason why it is used as a surname is unknown. Dang means hill. Please contribute whatever you can afford. Originally the professions of Kayastha (scribe) and Vaidya (physician) were not restricted and could be followed by people of different varnas including the brahmanas. Hint: Try searching for a relative alive in 1940. They have also been looking up his surname, "Sunak", to understand his lineage. [19], According to the Khalimpur Plate of Dharmapala, Gopala I, the founder of the dynasty, "was the son of a warrior Vapyata and the grandson of a highly educated Dayitavishnu". That was the first time I came to know Sikhs do practice caste. Tej Ram Sharma, an Indian historian, says that: .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, The names of brahmanas occurring in our inscriptions sometimes end in a non-brahmanic cognomen such as Bhatta, Datta and Kunda, etc., which are available in the inscriptions of Bengal.
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